Vitamin and mineral complex for strength and endurance

Endurance is the ability of the human body to endure physical activity.

In addition, it can also include psychological resistance to stress.

This quality is necessary not only for athletes, but also for ordinary people.

It is an indicator of health and ability to lead a full life.

Find out how to increase endurance and what you need to eat for this from the article below.

Vitamins and minerals needed for endurance

If a person leads an active lifestyle, his body has to work harder, so it quickly uses up not only nutrients, but also vitamins and minerals . For this reason, active muscle building, as well as healthy weight loss, become impossible.

Vitamins necessary to increase endurance include:

To increase endurance, a person needs the following minerals:

What to drink/eat before a strength sports competition?

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Each organism is individual. There will definitely be a person who, after drinking milk and cola, will be able to lift enormous weights. There are also those whose stomachs churn from an aspirin tablet diluted in a liter of water. Therefore, the recommendations may not be suitable for everyone. And the dosage for your body will have to be selected experimentally.

Part 1. What to take before the competition

Liquid

In the practice of weightlifting and powerlifting, there are situations when an athlete needs to move to a heavier weight category, usually in the interests of the team. To achieve the goal, you have to drink up to 2.5 liters of water or juice.

In all the cases I observed, the athlete performed well; as a rule, all or almost all approaches were completed successfully.

Despite the initial unpleasant sensations (how to keep it all in) and swelling (my legs could barely fit into the weightlifting weights), the liquid was quickly absorbed and already during the warm-up I felt increased performance.

I don’t encourage everyone to drink 2 liters before starting, but there should be enough fluid in the body. If you had to lose weight and limit yourself to water, you need to weigh yourself as early as possible and immediately drink 1 - 1.5 liters. The liquid will be absorbed in 7-10 minutes and you will have enough time to warm up.

Creatine

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5-10 g of creatine 2 hours before the first appearance on the platform. If the competition drags on, then after the bench press another portion.

Carbohydrates

There should be a lot of them (for a performance in a separate powerlifting exercise, a moderate portion is enough), they should not create a feeling of heaviness in the stomach. If you are in a weight category with a reserve, you can eat your usual food before weighing in so that you have time to digest it. It could be pasta or potatoes. I prefer buckwheat.

If the weight is close, you will have to eat after weighing along with fluid intake. There will be less time for absorption, you will need simpler carbohydrates: muesli, cookies, jam, honey, condensed milk. Competitions can drag on, sometimes up to 7 hours. You'll have to add carbohydrates a few more times.

Important!

In this case, you should have chocolate and glucose tablets in your bag; bananas will also do.

Squirrels

Typically, athletes treat proteins as building materials for muscles. During a performance, the main function of proteins is to transmit signals and regulate physiological processes. It doesn't require a lot of protein. 100 g of meat or a pack of cottage cheese is enough. If you plan to achieve results in weightlifting or triathlon above the IMR, also take a good portion of BCAAs.

Combilipen or milgamma

1 ampoule intramuscularly shortly before warm-up, the peak of action should approximately fall on the 3rd approach of the first exercise. And for another 2 hours after this, the concentration in the blood will be noticeable. If the competition drags on, you can add one more after the bench press.

A nicotinic acid

For many athletes, taking 100-150 mg causes a warming sensation, as if the capillaries are opening. As a result, warm-up is accelerated, performance increases, and warm-up time is reduced. Works when taken on an empty stomach.

It turns out that there is a problem of inconsistency in time. If you take nicotine and then start eating, by the time you start warming up, its effect will begin to wane.

Can be used before the second and third exercises, since it will not be possible to eat heavily between exercises.

Ascorbic acid

Moderate tonic effect. 500-1000 mg - the effect is subtle, but it won’t be worse.

Asparkam

One tablet so that the body has enough potassium and magnesium. If you sweat a lot, then more.

Aspirin

Advice!

500-1000 mg 10-15 minutes before warm-up helps to warm up and reduces warm-up time. Especially useful if the warm-up room is cold.

Caffeine

Allowed for now. But WADA has already included it in the monitoring list along with nicotine. Use it and don’t forget to check the list of prohibited drugs for updates.

The advantage of tablets from a pharmacy is the exact dosage. The caffeine content in coffee and tea depends on the variety and processing method. I prefer a large thermos of strong tea.

But if the hotel's electricity goes out, due to the lack of boiling water, a supply of tablets will come in handy.

Nootropil or piracetam

An excellent stimulant of the nervous system. It doesn’t make you feel crazy, but makes you focused, the brain works better in all respects, and sends more powerful signals to the muscles. Sensations from the senses are heightened.

Sometimes this can have an undesirable side effect, for example, the usual clanging of iron seems louder and more annoying. Therefore, check the effect of the drug during training. Single dose from 1 to 2 grams. Capsules are better than tablets. Treat your withdrawal coach to Piracetam.

He will pay more attention to the protocol and, without a calculator, will calculate how much to raise in order to beat his opponents.

Alcohol tinctures

Ginseng, aralia, eleutherococcus, etc., everything except hawthorn. Action not proven. They often seem to help. There is an opinion that the effect of tinctures ends long before the indicated expiration date and you need to buy very fresh tinctures. Perhaps the effect depends on the quality of the raw materials, it is impossible to guess. In any case, do not drink in glasses; alcohol impairs coordination.

Part 2. Not recommended

Fats

They are unlikely to help you lift more. They will almost certainly prevent you from absorbing the necessary substances. If the body needs any fatty acids during a performance, it will find them in its reserves.

Milk and fermented milk drinks

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For most people, it causes increased mucus production, which can make breathing difficult. It especially interferes with the clean and jerk and bench press at times. 100 g of milk added to tea or coffee is an insignificant dose.

Carbonated drinks

Not only do they make it difficult to breathe, but they also prevent you from absorbing the beneficial things you put into your gastrointestinal tract.

Canned drinks called "energy drinks"

Attention!

As a rule, you don't know what's in there. You can get everything you need from home-prepared supplies, pharmaceuticals and sports nutrition. This way you will be sure that you will not be poisoned and will pass the doping control.

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Source: https://tvoytrener.com/metodiki_obhcie/sorevnovania.php

Symptoms of vitamin and mineral deficiency

A deficiency of vitamin A in the body is manifested by the following symptoms:

• Brittleness and poor nail growth;
• Dullness of hair and dandruff;
• Increased tooth sensitivity;
• Deterioration of vision;
• Skin diseases;
• Frequent colds and intestinal disorders.

The following signs indicate a lack of vitamin B1:

• Irritability, tearfulness, causeless anxiety;
• Disturbance of night sleep and memory;
• Involuntary muscle contractions and cramps;
• Intestinal disorders, loss of appetite, weight loss;
• Decreased blood pressure, inability to exercise, and shortness of breath;
• Problems in the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

Vitamin B2 deficiency is characterized by:

• Dry skin of the face and tongue, cracks and jams in the corners of the lips;
• Dry and brittle hair, hair loss;
• Development of seborrheic dermatitis;
• The appearance of pain in the eyes.

The following symptoms indicate a lack of vitamin B5:

• Tingling and burning of fingertips, numbness of arms and legs;
• Frequent depression, insomnia, fatigue and weakness;
• Frequent colds;
• Nausea and vomiting;
• Delayed mental and mental development.

Vitamin B6 deficiency manifests itself in:

• Periodic convulsions;
• Anxiety, depression and insomnia;
• Frequent conjunctivitis;
• Diseases of the skin and mucous membranes;
• Appetite disorders;
• Decreased immunity.

The following signs indicate a lack of vitamin B12:

• Dry skin and hair;
• Lack of appetite;
• Lethargy, pallor, dizziness and tinnitus;
• Liver and stomach diseases;
• Decreased memory;
• Anemia.

If a person does not have enough vitamin C in the body, this is signaled by:

• Dry skin and slow healing of small wounds and cuts;
• Hair loss;
• Violation of the permeability of blood vessels, expressed in the appearance of pinpoint hemorrhages and bruises on the skin;
• Oral diseases.

The following symptoms indicate a lack of vitamin D:

• Sleep disturbance;
• Rickets or softening of the bones;
• Pain in the joints;
• Tooth deformation and muscle cramps;
• Stooping, general weakness and weight loss.

Symptoms of vitamin E deficiency are:

• Respiratory failure;
• Muscular dystrophy;
• Liver pathologies;
• Skin cyanosis.

The following signs indicate a lack of vitamin H:

• Skin peeling and dermatitis;
• Anemia;
• Muscle pain;
• Weakness and loss of appetite.

Video: “How much vitamin does the human body need?”

If there is not enough calcium in the body, this primarily affects the condition of bones, nails and teeth. In addition, joint pain and calf muscle cramps are possible.

A lack of magnesium is indicated by constantly cold extremities, unpleasant skin odor, irritability, loss of appetite and poor coordination of movements.

Iodine deficiency manifests itself in impaired memory and mental activity, the development of thyroid pathologies, brittle nails and dry skin, increased cholesterol levels in the blood and the development of obesity.

A lack of potassium in the body leads to problems in the cardiovascular system, increased blood pressure and glucose levels, swelling in the legs and a constant feeling of thirst, dry and sagging skin, muscle pain and night cramps.

If the human body receives little iron, this leads to the development of anemia. A metallic taste appears in the mouth, the skin becomes pale and dry, and hemorrhagic rashes appear on it. A person constantly feels lethargic and tired.

A lack of phosphorus is indicated by constant weakness and drowsiness, headaches, weakened muscle tone, irritability, pain in the joints and bones, and metabolic disorders.

The best sports supplements for endurance. Part 1

Friends, we very often receive requests from you to create a nutrition program for the progress of sports fitness, and we are faced with the fact that many of you do not know what sports supplements (not to be confused with doping and chemistry) exist and what they are intended for. That’s why we We have prepared especially for you a translation of the article by Chrissy Kendall, an expert at bodybuilding.com, “Top 7 Best Supplements for Endurance”

About the Author: Chrissy Kendall is the scientific editor of bodybuilding com, PhD (who studied exercise physiology at the University of Oklahoma) and the author of numerous articles on sports nutrition and training.

Whether you exercise by running or swimming, the right sports supplements can help you take your workout performance to the next level. This article is our list of the seven best supplements for athletes in endurance sports.

If you've flipped through fitness magazines while standing in line at your local grocery store, you've likely encountered a ton of ads for sports nutrition, but most likely nothing in the ads aimed at endurance athletes. The sculpted bodies on the glossy pages could easily fool you into thinking that every sports nutrition product on the market is aimed at pumping up muscles, but luckily you'd be wrong.

Endurance athletes spend hours on monotonous athletic activity, whether running 80-100 kilometers a week, 100-150 kilometers on skis or roller skis, 300 kilometers on a bicycle in a week, or swimming laps hundreds of times in a pool. This serious volume of training combined with a couple of weight training sessions per week means these athletes must pay close attention to their diet and supplementation.

Endurance training places extreme demands on the athlete's body from a physical, psychological and energetic point of view. Add in the time it takes to train for endurance with the time it takes to prepare and consume the right foods to replenish the energy you need, and you quickly find yourself under time pressure. Luckily, with the right sports nutrition, you can save some of that time and use it to set your new records. Below is our list of the seven best sports supplements that endurance athletes should consider:

1. Creatine monohydrate.

Typically, creatine supplementation and endurance training are not associated with each other. Creatine is thought of when it comes to strength, speed, and power—and for good reason. There are hundreds of published scientific studies confirming that using creatine is an effective aid for increasing muscle size and strength. While many will argue that creatine has no place in an endurance sports nutrition package, we argue the opposite!

Looking past the direct effects of creatine use—increasing phosphocreatine stores, rapidly increasing ATP production, and improving anaerobic performance—creatine can also offer indirect benefits to runners, cyclists, and other endurance athletes, taking their training to the next level. Acidification interval training, speed work and mountain running are techniques used to improve running performance. The higher your performance in these workouts, the faster you will cross the finish line.

Taking creatine as a supplement reduces recovery time during repetitive exercise intervals, and increases power when working at the threshold of muscle acidification. Improvements in speed and power during your training translate into better performance in competitions! Recommended dosage of creatine monohydrate for endurance: 3-5 grams per day. You'll want to skip the traditional loading phase often used by strength athletes when taking creatine - the initial body weight gain caused by the increase in body water during loading can impair your performance.

2.Caffeine.

Caffeine has long been used as a supplement by endurance athletes. Not only does it provide the quick boost needed for early morning workouts, but it also helps delay the onset of fatigue, making it possible to run longer distances.

There are numerous studies supporting the benefits of caffeine consumption in endurance sports, including cycling, skiing and 8K running. As a bonus, caffeine may increase fat oxidation, which can help with fat loss and weight management. Since caffeine reaches its maximum concentration in the bloodstream in about an hour, we recommend taking it 60 minutes before your race to help you get through a 5K, 10K, or even a marathon! And although caffeine is a diuretic (diuretic), a recent paper from researchers at the University of Connecticut states that caffeine use does not cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances or a decrease in tolerance to increased body temperature during exercise. Recommended dosage: 2.9-6 mg per 1 kg of body weight 60 minutes before training.

3. Beta-alanine.

We know that taking beta-alanine improves physical performance and slows the onset of fatigue during high-intensity exercise, but does this apply to endurance work? The very fact that you are working on developing endurance does not mean that your training is carried out exclusively at low intensity, right? Intense acceleration while running, cycling or swimming are all aspects of your training in which you may benefit from supplemental beta-alanine. In fact, several studies have found positive effects of beta-alanine supplementation on endurance performance.

During high-intensity workouts, hydrogen ions accumulate in your body. They are involved in lowering pH levels, which ultimately leads to muscle fatigue. Beta-alanine is an amino acid derivative that has been shown to increase intramuscular carnosine content, which can increase the body's ability to buffer hydrogen ions. This potentially slows down the onset of muscle fatigue and improves exercise performance, increases possible training volume, and reduces the feeling of fatigue. Recommended dosage: 3-6 g per day, taking 800 mg portions throughout the day (the dose should be distributed to reduce the effect of parasthesia - temporary tingling or numbness of the limbs).

4. Sodium phosphate.

Typically used to preserve meats and other foods, sodium phosphate can now add athletic performance-boosting properties to its list of benefits. Loading with sodium phosphate has been proven to increase breathing efficiency and slow down the time to exhaustion by increasing the ability of red blood cells to deliver oxygen to working muscles. In addition to this, several studies have found improvements in endurance performance by increasing maximal oxygen uptake.

Recommended dosage: 3-5 g per day before training or competition.

Sources of these vitamins and minerals

To ensure that the body receives all the necessary vitamins and minerals to increase physical endurance, a person must eat well. There are both plant and animal sources of these substances.

Vitamin and mineral complexes

With an active lifestyle, even a balanced diet cannot ensure a sufficient supply of all necessary vitamins and minerals to the body. In this case, vitamin and mineral complexes come to the rescue, among which are the following:

• "Glutamevit" , which contains ten vitamins, glutamic acid and minerals. It is recommended to take it during periods of intense physical activity.
• "Alphabet effect" designed for men and women who regularly engage in sports. This drug contains nine minerals and thirteen vitamins, as well as natural energy drinks.
• "Vitrum Performance" intended for men. This drug is recommended to be taken when the immune system and performance are reduced, when playing sports, or when you feel constant fatigue. These vitamins increase tone and stimulate metabolic processes.
• "Animal Pak" helps maintain tone and immunity during intense physical activity. The vitamins and minerals contained in this product help increase energy and productivity.
• "Velmen" is a drug intended for men. It is recommended to take it for fatigue, frequent headaches and stress.

Video: “Top 5 Sports Supplements for Endurance”

Support complexes

Other supporting complexes include:

1. "Alphabet effect" contains thirteen vitamins and nine minerals, energy sources of natural origin
2. "Glutamevit" also contains ten vitamins, minerals and glutamic acid. Experts recommend taking it during intensive training.
3. "Vitrum Performance" can be taken during severe fatigue. This could be fatigue not only from training, but also from work, etc.
4. “Ginvit” in capsules is rich in vitamins B and C. It also contains iodine (for metabolism and the thyroid gland), iron (to normalize hemoglobin levels), zinc (regulation of the nervous system), phosphorus (the basis, building material for many cells ). Ginvit consists of natural ingredients. Its main component is ginseng.

In any case, if it is not possible to contact a specialist on this issue, you can read reviews of vitamins for endurance during physical activity, and also consider whether any allergic reactions to one or another component are possible.

Prevention

There are some ways to increase the body's endurance and prevent its decline.

These include:

• Sound healthy sleep;
• Drinking enough clean water;
• Proper nutrition;
• Rejection of bad habits;
• Avoiding household exposure;
• Sufficient physical activity;
• The use of breathing practices;
• Meditation and psychological trainings;
• Yoga and other eastern practices;
• No stress.

Traditional recipes to solve the problem

You can increase your stamina by eating certain foods. First of all, these include freshly squeezed fruit and vegetable juices.

Among them are:

• Carrot-beetroot-apple juice;
• Pumpkin juice;
• Tomato juice;
• Orange, orange-lemon and orange-apple juices.

Green smoothies have also worked well.

To prepare them, you need to mix any garden greens ( cilantro, parsley, spinach, lettuce, dill ) and wild herbs,

having beneficial properties ( dandelion greens, nettles or squash ). The herbs need to be thoroughly crushed using a blender, and then add clean water to them and mix the resulting drink thoroughly. To improve the taste of a green smoothie, you can add some fruit or berries to it.

Do not neglect the consumption of nuts, honey, ginger, dried fruits and citrus fruits.

To increase the body's endurance, raise the level of hemoglobin in the blood and improve the functioning of the cardiovascular system, you can prepare a nut-honey-lemon mixture with dried fruits .

To prepare it, you should take one hundred grams of dried apricots, raisins, prunes, figs, walnuts, lemon and honey. All these ingredients must be thoroughly mixed and stored in the refrigerator in a glass jar. You need to take this healing mixture twice a day, half an hour before meals, one tablespoon.

Doping for testing. 12 drugs from the pharmacy that are prohibited in sports

Doping for testing. 12 drugs from the pharmacy that are prohibited in sports

Match TV tells what popular drugs athletes should avoid in order to avoid quarreling with WADA.

Cardionate
Release form:

capsules

Price:

from 200 rubles (capsules 250 mg, 40 pieces)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

over the counter

Indications for use.

Protects the heart in conditions of oxygen starvation, helps cope with the consequences of heart attacks and strokes. In some cases, it is used to treat alcoholism (in combination with specific therapy).

Status in sports.

The main active ingredient is meldonium, because of which Maria Sharapova, Yulia Efimova, Pavel Kulizhnikov, Semyon Elistratov and a little more than a hundred athletes from different countries and disciplines were temporarily suspended from competitions.

Meldonium has been banned since January 1, 2021. It was classified as a hormone and metabolic modulator and was banned both in and out of competition.

You can find meldonium not only in Mildronate or Cardionate. It is also contained in Angiocardil, Vazomag, Vasonat, Indrinol, Medatern, Melfor, Midolat, Mildroxin, Trizipine, Trimedronate. And this is not a complete list.

Relief Ultra

Release form:

candles

Price:

from 500 rubles (candles, 12 pieces)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

over the counter

Indications for use.

Medicine for hemorrhoids.

Status in sports.

Relief Ultra contains hydrocortisone, which belongs to the class of glucocorticoids and is prohibited for use both at competitions and during preparation for them.

Glucocorticoids are hormones that are produced by the adrenal glands and in some cases can be used to increase body weight and strength. But what worries WADA experts most of all is not this, but the side effects from the use of such substances, including obesity and diabetes.

There is an important clarification: only substances that are used orally, intravenously, intramuscularly or rectally are prohibited. The last method is just relevant in the case of Relief Ultra. At the same time, the earlier version of the drug – “Relief” – does not contain prohibited substances.

Rinofluimucil

Release form:

nasal spray

Price:

from 220 rubles (10 ml bottle)

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies:

over the counter

Indications for use.

One of the most popular medicines for the common cold and its complications - sinusitis and sinusitis. Quickly thins mucus, has an anti-inflammatory effect and eliminates swelling of the mucous membrane.

Status in sports.

Among the components of Rinofluimucil is tuaminoheptane. The substance was included in the list of prohibited substances back in 2009. WADA classifies it as a stimulant and warns that too frequent use may be harmful to the cardiovascular system.

Before the 2010 Olympics, traces of tuaminoheptane were found in the blood of Russian hockey player Svetlana Terentyeva. The athlete was able to prove that she used Rinofluimucil to treat a cold, and the case ended with a reprimand. French basketball player Joseph Gomis was less fortunate - he was disqualified in 2013 for six months. And the Belarusian cyclist Tatyana Sharakova was immediately suspended from competition for 18 months.

Adelfan-Ezidrex

Release form:

pills

Price:

from 130 rubles (30 tablets)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

on prescription

Indications for use.

Prescribed for hypertension - a persistent rise in blood pressure, especially in cases where the exact causes of the disease cannot be identified.

Status in sports.

The hydrochlorothiazide contained in the composition is a diuretic. These substances reduce the amount of fluid in tissues. In some cases, they may be used for other purposes – for weight loss. At the same time, they also increase the excretion of sodium, potassium and chlorine and, with prolonged use, can disrupt the acid-base balance in the body. WADA considers this sufficient grounds to ban them from the sport.

Fenotropil

Release form:

pills

Price:

from 370 rubles (100 mg tablets, 10 pieces)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

on prescription

Indications for use.

Nootropic drug. Widely used in the treatment of diseases of the central nervous system, especially in cases where deviations are associated with metabolic disorders in the brain. In addition, the drug improves memory, increases concentration and even helps fight obesity.

Status in sports.

WADA specialists have had questions about Phenotropil, or more precisely about its component, fonturacetam (better known as carphedon), for a long time. By January 2000, they were able to prove that this substance is capable of having a pronounced stimulating effect on motor reactions and increasing physical performance.

The most notorious story related to its use happened at the Olympic Games in 2006. Then traces of the stimulant were found in the doping test of Russian biathlete Olga Pyleva (after marriage - Medvedtseva). As a result, Pyleva was deprived of Olympic silver in the 15 km individual race and disqualified for two years, and doctor Nina Vinogradova, who prescribed her phenotropil without coordinating this with the team doctors, was deprived of the right to work with athletes for 4 years.

Kenalog

Release form:

suspension for injection; pills

Price:

from 300 rubles (4 mg tablets, 50 pieces); from 500 rubles (ampoules 40 mg/ml, 5 pieces)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

on prescription

Indications for use.

Kenalog has a fairly wide spectrum of action. In tablet form, it may be prescribed to treat asthma or bronchitis. And injections help cope with inflammatory joint diseases. In addition, it can be effective in the fight against psoriasis and various dermatitis.

Status in sports.

The active ingredient of the drug, triamcinolone, belongs to the class of glucocorticoids. And in this case, it is especially important which method of use the doctor chooses. The use of these substances orally, intravenously, intramuscularly or rectally in sports is strictly prohibited. At the same time, WADA does not object to the nasal, intra-articular, periarticular and local use of glucocorticoids and drugs based on them.

Zenhale

Release form:

aerosol for inhalation

Price:

from 1200 rubles (120 doses)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

on prescription

Indications for use.

Most often used as maintenance therapy for bronchial asthma.

Status in sports.

"Zenhale" is a complex combination drug. It contains several substances from the WADA list. For example, one of the active ingredients, mometasone furoate, belongs to the class of glucocorticoids. They are prohibited, but with certain reservations and concessions, among which inhalation use is relevant for Zenhale.

Another component of the drug is formoterol. It belongs to the class of beta-2 agonists. These substances stimulate adrenergic receptors. In this case, those that are in the bronchi. As a result, the bronchi expand and bronchial patency improves. Taking this into account, WADA specialists decided to limit the dose of formoterol to no more than 54 mcg/day. One dose of Zenhale contains 5 mcg of the substance. Thus, an athlete can afford no more than 10 injections of the drug per day. At the same time, it is always necessary to indicate in the doping control report when and in what quantities Zenhale was used. These rules and restrictions apply to all medications for asthma and most drugs prescribed for the treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases, including pneumonia.

Diakarb

Release form:

pills

Price:

from 250 rubles (250 mg tablets, 24 pieces)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

on prescription

Indications for use.

Diuretic. Helps cope with edema and the consequences of acute “altitude” illness (reduces acclimatization time). In addition, it is used to relieve acute attacks of glaucoma.

Status in sports.

Strictly speaking, it is not doping. But due to its pronounced diuretic properties, it helps to quickly remove traces of prohibited substances. For such drugs, the WADA blacklist has a separate class - masking agents. Their presence, albeit indirectly, indicates doping.

Insulin

Release form:

solution or suspension in special cartridge systems (cartridges, sleeves and syringe pens) or vials

Price:

from 500 rubles (injection solution, 9 ampoules)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

on prescription

Indications for use.

Diabetes mellitus type I. Insulin is the most important regulator of carbohydrate metabolism.

Status in sports.

It is most widespread in bodybuilding, especially in combination with anabolic steroids, which accelerate the formation and renewal of the structural parts of cells and muscles. WADA specialists have long paid attention to such properties of insulin, as well as its ability to speed up metabolism and increase endurance, and added it to the prohibited list (class - metabolic modulators).

All diabetics undergo mandatory WADA registration, after which they receive the right to use insulin. For others, the drug is strictly prohibited.

Trimetazidine

Release form:

pills

Price:

from 120 rubles (20 mg tablets, 60 pieces)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

on prescription

Indications for use.

Recommended for the prevention of angina pectoris and dizziness of vascular origin.

Status in sports.

Placed on the WADA Prohibited List in 2014. Agency specialists initially classified it as a stimulant and prohibited its use only during competitions. But in 2015 they revised their attitude and transferred it to the class of hormones and metabolic modulators. These substances are always prohibited in sports.

Trimetazidine has many analogues. The most common: Antisten Triductan MV, Deprenorm, Carmetadine Trimectal, Carditrim Trimed and Preductal.

Reamberin

Release form:

solution for infusion

Price:

from 150 rubles (250 ml polymer container)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

on prescription

Indications for use.

Normalizes the acid-base balance and gas composition of the blood, promotes the removal of bile acids, toxins and metabolic products.

Status in sports.

The drug itself is not prohibited in sports. WADA is not satisfied with the method of its administration – intravenous injection. At the request of the Anti-Doping Agency, intravenous injections are allowed only if their volume does not exceed 50 ml, and the interval between them is at least 6 hours. And the daily dose of Reamberin for adults reaches 800 ml.

Clenbuterol

Release form:

syrup and tablets

Price:

from 320 rubles (20 mcg tablets, 50 pcs); from 110 rubles (syrup 1 mcg/ml, bottle 100 ml)

Conditions for dispensing from the pharmacy:

over the counter

Indications for use.

Widely used in the treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.

Status in sports.

Clenbuterol actively affects adrenergic receptors and improves breathing. In addition, there are studies that confirm that clenbuterol stimulates muscle growth. WADA classifies it as an anabolic agent and prohibits its use both during competitions and in preparation for them. Despite this, traces of the substance are often found in athletes’ doping samples. Thus, the Spanish cyclist Alberto Contador lost his victory at the 2010 Tour de France and the 2011 Giro D'Italia precisely because of such a test. At the same time, his colleague, Australian Michael Rogers, was able to prove that doping entered his body along with meat - farmers also use clenbuterol. This is most often done in Mexico. WADA research has found that approximately 75% of local meat contains traces of this banned substance.

Text:

Marina Krylova

Photo:

globallokpress.com, Getty Images